The Importance of Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters in Susan Glaspells Trifles

The patented murder mystery, in all its addictive predictability, presents the audience with numerous cliches: a stormy night, a shadowy figure, a sinister butler, and a mysterious phone call. Susan Glaspell's Trifles does not fit this mold. Glaspell's mysterious inquiry into the murder of John Wright presents the reader with only one suspect, Mrs. Wright. Even though the court examiner and sheriff cannot find evidence against Mrs. Wright, the reader can plausibly argue the case against the neglected wife. Glaspell's use of descriptive language and subtle hints established the mood, presents the motive, and uncovers the evidence needed to solve this murder mystery. Setting the proper mood is important for any play, especially one that requires that its readers be wary of the surroundings. The first glimpse the reader gets of the setting is that of an "abandoned farmhouse . . . [and] a gloomy kitchen" (Glaspell 127). These first words give the readers a heightened state of tension and prepare them for darker events yet to come. Mrs. Hale repeatedly describes the cold house as not being "a very cheerful place" and mentions that it might not have been "any cheerfuller for John Wright's being in it" (130). These comments coming from a neighbor lead the reader to believe that Mrs. Wright was not happy in her surroundings largely because of her husband. Even the rocking chair in which Mrs. Wright sat seems tainted with unpleasantness. Mrs. Peters ahs to "shake off the mood which the empty rocking chair [evokes]" (131) before she continues her conversation with Mrs. Hale. The strange feeling the house provokes prods the women to think more deeply into the events leading to John Wright's death. This curiosity allows the women to u... ...would have much more difficulty portraying the evidence to the reader. This portrayal not only makes the story more interesting, but it also increases the character development of this short drama. Works Cited Banner, Lois. Women in Modern America: A Brief History. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1974. Glaspell, Susan. Trifles. Making Literature Matter: An Anthology for Readers and Writers. Ed.   John Schilb and John Clifford. Boston: Bedford / St. Martin's, 2000. 127-137. Glaspell, Susan. "Trifles." Plays by Susan Glaspell. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company,  Ã‚  Inc., 1920. Reprinted in Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama.   X.J.  Kennedy and Dana Gioia Eds. New York: Harper Collins Publisher, 1995.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hewitt, Nancy. "Beyond the Search for Sisterhood: American Women's History in the 1980's."Social History. Vol. 10: No. 3 (1985): 299-321

Effects on Children in Single Parent Household Essay

The U.S. Census Bureau reported that about 30 percent of American families are headed by only one parent. Single parent households numbered over 12 million in the year of 2000. According to this, single parent families can no longer be viewed as nontraditional families. These families are all around us today. So, interest has grown as to the effect of these households on Children’s well-being. The most important effect of single parent household on children is in academic achievement. According to the research named Single parenting and children’s academic achievement from Kunz (2010), most single parent households are run by mothers. Therefore, children who lack fathers’ attention can’t have a happy learning environment. They usually perform poorly in school because the lack of guidance on their homework. From this research, we can conclude that for every 100 dollars of child support mothers receive, their children’s standardized test scores increa se by 1/8 to 7/10 of a point. In addition, children with single mothers who have contact and emotional support from their fathers tend to do better in school than children who have no contact with their fathers. We can make a conclusion from this research that because children live in single parent household, they can hardly do well in academic achievement. Emotional effects also play an important role in the life of children growing up in a single parent household. According to the article named Children in single parent homes and emotional problems by Erica Williams (2003), living in single parent household can have many emotional effects on children, including feelings of abandonment, sadness, loneliness and difficulty socializing and connecting with others. Nowadays, because living in single parent household, more and more children become autistic. They can’t develop interpersonal relationship with normal people, which avoid them from surviving in the society independently. Besides, since they are given little attention, there are also other emotional effects on them, including low self-esteem, increased anger, frustration and an increased risk for violent behavior. Further, they are more likely to commit a crime because they want to attract people’s attention. This can not only ruin their lives but also break their parents’ hearts. Although there are so many negative effects on children in single parent households, it can have positive effects on them as well. According to a study at Cornell  University, positive single parenting did not show any negative impact on the social and educational development of the 12 and 13 years old participating in the study. In addition, children in single parent families may exhibit strong responsibility skills, as they are often called upon to help out more with family chores and tasks. Therefore, if children in single parent households are taught and educated by the single parent in an appropriate way, they can become people who are more strong and independent than the normal children in normal families. Because they lack love, they learn how to survive in this complex society and live a happy life and become stronger and stronger. To help the children in single parent households, our whole society is supposed to pay more attention on them. If we can give more care and patience to them, they will become strong but not evil. They are the most innocent part of their families, and they are supposed to be treated as the normal children in normal families. Please give your love and care to them. References Kunz, M. (2010). Single parenting and children’s academic achievement. Retrieved from http://library.adoption.com/articles/single-parenting-and-childrens-academic-achievement.html Williams, E. (2003). Children in single parent homes and emotional problems. Retrieved from http://www.thehilltoponline.com/2.4839/children-in-single-parent-homes-and-emotional-problems-1.472758#.UjSszMZ9dyc

The Lack Of Knowledge That Researchers Know About Public...

This article focused on the lack of knowledge that researchers know about public policy implementation despite several years of research. Also, it attempts to alter the deficiencies by performing results from a comprehensive literacy review. Its main object was to: 1) challenge; 2) revises; 3) and add some conventional wisdom about implementation. In addition, provide a foundation for and start a much-needed mixture of experimental data research result. The author stated that: â€Å"The overall volume of publications on policy implementation has not stagnated or declined dramatically since the mid 1980s as is commonly asserted† (Saetren, 2005). Quite the opposite, policy implementation has grown through the 1990s and into the twenty-first century. Surprisingly, a sizeable number of publications are located outside the core field (Saetren, 2005). Therefore, the core field consisted of approximately 60 different journals that published over 454 implementation articles over a 60-year time frame. The area of concentration from these statistics of public policy implementation was: public policy, public administration, and political science. Doctoral students from American universities in the Northeast, Midwest, as well as, small percentage from the East Coast, Harvard University in public policy implementation before the 1970, as well as, a small percentage from the East Coast, Harvard University. Also, during that time frame, Midwest region had universities in Chicago,Show MoreRelatedThe Lack Of Knowledge That Researchers Know About Public Policy Implementation769 Words   |  4 PagesThis article focused on the lack of knowledge that researchers know about public policy implementation despite several years of research. Also, it attempts to alter the deficiencies by performing results from comprehensive literacy review. It main object is to: 1) challenge; 2) revise; 3) and add some conventional wisdom about implementation. In addition, provide a foundation for and start a much-needed mixture of experimental data research result. The author stated that: â€Å"The overall volumeRead MoreCritically Analyse The Key Factors Involved On A Successful Delivery Of Health Care?1659 Words   |  7 Pagesinvolved in translating policy into practice to achieve successful delivery of health care?† â€Æ' â€Å"Critically analyse the key factors involved in translating policy into practice to achieve successful delivery of health care?† To deliver better care and outcomes, there is a need for evidence-based policy to be implemented successfully (1). Policy change can achieve impacts and sustainability beyond what is possible through standalone services or projects (2). Designing a policy and then translatingRead MoreStrategic Process970 Words   |  4 Pagessenior executives or policy makers. Once their work is complete the strategy is cascaded down for implementation usually to line managers and public officials in the case of policy decisions who implement according their understanding and interpretation of the main aims and objectives of the strategy. This second stage of the strategic process forms the basis for this study. The last stage of the strategic process is evaluation; an assessment of the design and the implementation of the strategic processRead MoreSystematic Review Of Health Article1393 Words   |  6 Pagesinclusion criteria and were selected for this evidence-based, systematic review of health policy. These articles were chosen because they discussed young adults and provided potential areas of regulation, such as advertising, marketing, and flavoring restrictions that may reduce e-cigarette use in this population. One health policy that may decrease e-cigarette use among young adults is the implementation of warning statements. Possibly inspired by the FDA’s deeming rule requiring warning statementsRead MoreThe Impact Of University Spill Overs Essay1615 Words   |  7 PagesThe most significant being knowledge transfer from university to firms. Firms provide the funding for research in universities through what is termed university-industry (UI) partnership/collaboration. This interaction between universities and firms or UI partnerships provides a mechanism by which both parties are rewarded. Industry provides universities with access to resources by funding their research and development agendas. While industry gain from the new knowledge and available technical skillsRead MoreNowadays, in the developmental researching practice, we know that the causes of poverty can be2700 Words   |  11 PagesNowadays, in the developmental researching practice, we know that the causes of poverty can be multi-dimensional, the analysis should be on the basic of the local context, and then come out with pointed strategies for reducing poverty, so this multi-dimensional analysis requires a much broader scale of researching, in other ways, it needs a broader participation of stakeholders who are involved in each part of this process, therefore, through the participatory research, it can deepen the understandingRead MoreIn Regard To The Scenario Given In The Case Study On Increasing1692 Words   |  7 Pagesand overweight levels in the community of Nueva Luna. This goal would be achieved through implementation of activities that promote improvements in nutrition, physical activities and support a good environment. The model that would be used in ensuring that as many people as possible benefit from this program will ensure that the focus is given to the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and policy formulation levels. This will give a comprehensive cover of th e problem and result in betterRead MoreTobacco Use And Smoking Related Illness1659 Words   |  7 Pagessmokers dies ten years earlier than nonsmokers and if smoking continue at the current rate among U.S. youth, 5.6 million of today’s Americans younger than 18 years of age are expected to die prematurely from a smoking-related illness. This represents about one in every thirteen Americans aged 17 years or younger who are alive today. not only that but in 2012, $9.17 billion was spent on advertising and promotion of cigarettes, more than $25 million every day, or more than $1 million every hour. ThereRead MoreTexas Dyslexia Reform: Implementing a Policy in Its Infancy Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pagesfield of dyslexia education and intervention (Edyburn, 2006, p. 18). With the passing of Senate Bill 866, concerning the implementation of classroom technology plans for students with dyslexia, the pursuit of reform has become of utmost importance (The Texas State Senate-Information News and Events of the 82nd Legislative Session, 2011). Although Texas is proactive in dyslexia policy decision making, there continues to be a gap between dyslexia mandates and the actualization of dyslexia reform, whereRead MoreResearch2739 Words   |  11 Pagestrade  with the  Dutch  from  Tidore  and  Ternate  buying  rice,  beeswax  and tobacco from the Spanish colony The study aimed to know xxx Statement of the problem This study aimed to look Specifically, the study answered to the following questions: 1. What is the level of attainment of xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 2. What is the level of effectives/impact of the implementation ofxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx? Is there a significant difference between the perception of the xxxxxxx and the xxxxxx? Hypotheses

The Tragic Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare Essay

Absolute power corrupts absolutely†¦ unless, of course, your absolute power is a God-given right. The iconic tragedy Macbeth is arguably one of the most recognised literary works of William Shakespeare, centered on the idea of illegitimate power. Throughout the text, Shakespeare explores the destructive nature of power through various representations and characters, conveying an unceasing struggle for power amongst the main protagonists that causes devastating consequences. Though Shakespeare conveys many different representations regarding the nature of power and the way it operates throughout Macbeth, in particular he represents power as a divine right with which one should not tamper, in order to avoid disaster. Written during the seventeenth century when belief in a divine-ordained hierarchy prevailed, this representation of illegitimate power acted as the driving force of the play and distinctly reflects certain socio-cultural views of the era. It was thought during this ti me that if monarchial power was gained through illegitimate means, destruction of the mind and state would result; Shakespeare foregrounds the idea that if one does indeed tamper with the divinity of power, the resulting control will be fleeting. This interpretation subsequently allowed the audience to anticipate Macbeth’s usurper of the Scottish throne to ultimately lead to a collective pain, loss and suffering. Whilst examining the play Macbeth, the representation of illegitimate power will beShow MoreRelatedThe Tragic Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare770 Words   |  4 PagesTragic plays involve the fall of one or more characters, specifically the main character, and causes a viewer to feel sorrow, pity, or similar feelings for them. Of Antigone and Macbeth, Macbeth is the more tragic of the two because Macbeth overall includes more tragic events and creates a greater atmosphere of pity and sorrow, especially in the introduction and middle of the plays, than Antig one features. At first, while both plays are building up the beginnings of tragedy, Macbeth’s greater shareRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1724 Words   |  7 PagesA Greek philosopher named Aristotle once said, Tragedy is an imitation not of men but of a life, and action†¦. Aristotle is famous for his theory of tragedy. His definition of tragedy applies to William Shakespeare s play Macbeth. The play is about a hero who reaches a high position in the play and then falls because of his choices. Macbeth is a tragic hero according to Aristotle s aspects that make a tragedy. Macbeth is neither a villain nor a perfect character, he appears in the play in a highRead MoreGerald Deocariza Iii. Mrs. Jardine. English 3, Period 4.1161 Words   |  5 PagesJardine English 3, Period 4 18 January 2017 The Shakespearean Ways of a Tragic Hero Do all villains everywhere start in a terribly dark life? No, some heroes become corrupted because of their abilities as heroes. These types of heroes become tragic heroes, who destine for a serious downfall and set as the protagonists of a dramatic tragedy. A tragic hero gets For example, William Shakespeare wrote a play called The Tragedy of Macbeth to show Macbeth’s uprisings and downfalls. Macbeth’s downfall resultsRead MoreMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in William Shakespeares Play Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in William Shakespeares Play The play ‘Macbeth’ by William Shakespeare charts the rise and fall of the Scottish general Macbeth, through a tale of treachery, deceit and death. First performed in 1606 ‘Macbeth’ is inspired by a story of the Scottish monarchy. A tragic hero is one who at the outset is not wholly good or bad but has a character fault that causes them to make tragic mistakes resulting in their eventual downfall. ‘Macbeth’ is a renaissanceRead MoreWhat Are The Similarities Between Macbeth And Othello1267 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is the playwright in which the works of Macbeth and Othello are written . These works are both written in Shakespeares signature style of tragedy where a character experiences a reversal of fortune at the hands of their own actions. A true tragic hero is a character who is admired while being flawed; has both good and evil characteristics; experiences a hamartia, a moral mistake or ignorant error; is given an opportunity for redemption yet continues refusing; experiences theRead MoreEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth - The Tragic Hero717 Words   |  3 PagesMacbeth - The Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Every true Elizabethan Tragedy comes complete with a tragic hero.   The tragedy Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, has a perfect example of a tragic hero, otherwise known as Macbeth.   A tragic hero must be a man who is great and admirable in various ways.   He should be placed in society in such a way that everything he does affects all of the members of his society.   A tragic hero should at some point reach the top of Fortune’s Wheel, but land upRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe first tragic story created in ancient Greece. Tragedies were written as a form of catharsis or purgation of emotions. In these types of plays, the audience finds characters in which they can relate to which is a tragic hero. The tragic hero creates his own failures based upon their own actions and produces a detrimental fate for himself. The process of the protagonist’s fall is based upon the tragic structure . The structure of a tragedy consists of the exposition, exciting force, hamartia, theRead MoreEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth is a Tragic Hero956 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth is a Tragic Hero  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeares tragic hero is a man of noble birth who falls from a position of honor and respect due to a flaw in his character. He freely chooses a course of action which ultimately causes him suffering and brings him to a fatal end.(Campbell 129) Macbeth is the epitome of a tragic hero who rises high then falls rock bottom to his death. Macbeth, once a noble man, follows the advice of witches, finds himself King, abuses his power and then gets killedRead MoreEssay on Definitions of a Tragedy: Shakespeares and Aristotles1182 Words   |  5 PagesIn writing a tragedy, there are certain standards and guidelines to which an author or playwright must follow. One such standard is the Aristotelian definition of tragedy and the tragic hero. William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Macbeth is a perfect mold of an Aristotelian Tragedy. It displays all eight aspects of Aristotle’s definition of tragedy. It is set mainly in Scotland, but briefly in England during the ele venth century. It illuminates the ideal plot, in which the action of the story, orRead MoreMacbeth Character Analysis953 Words   |  4 Pagescan affect you in the long run and can easily contribute to a downfall. Macbeth was fully aware of the choices he made with the inhumane torture and disrespect he had on the citizens of Scotland. Being a tragic hero is when one experiences an immense tragedy which leads to a downfall, but Macbeth never had a tragedy because his death originated from the choices he made and reactions he had while he had authority as king. Macbeth being selfish and only caring about himself creates an undeserving and

Essay about Should Autisitc Children Be Mainstreamed

The Argumentative Essay The issue of whether or not children with autistic disorders should be main-streamed, or placed in the same classrooms as non-autistic children, has been a very real concern for quite some time. While the debate is continuous, people often choose to side on a particular position of the argument without correctly evaluating all of the options. Should autistic children be main-streamed in regular classrooms, or should they be placed in self contained environments? Or, possibly, should a common ground be determined? Autistic children have been analyzed for correct mainstreaming involves a gradual and supported procedure with encouragement and supervision years, and with the proper supervision and education aids,†¦show more content†¦The purpose of social mainstreaming is so that children are better able to observe and learn how other children react and behave correctly in social situations. Autistic children often learn through imitation, or learning how to â€Å"copy† the behavior of someone else. Studies have shown that a structured routine is very helpful because it supports the need to be constantly aware of what everyone else is doing and begin doing it as well. If there is too much unpredictable change, most autistic children have the tendency to become more withdrawn socially. The most obvious reasoning for this is because they must work harder to imitate the behavior of the others around them. One helpful way to help children cope with change or transition is through the use of verbal or physical representations of the process of change (Davis 57). This not only demolishes the excuse for autistic children to remain in inclusion classrooms, but it also provides a very real suggestion in order to deal with the social and structural changes within a classroom. With a view of correct behavior within a regular classroom with regular learners, an autistic child is better able to grasp his or her personal behavioral patterns, and react or â€Å"imitate† appropriately in certain

Intercultural Communication Issues free essay sample

In today’s workforce a person will be able to see a very diverse crowd, including employees, supervisors and managers. Diversity is having different sorts of cultures, nationalities and genders mixed together. Unfortunately, there are barriers in which may cause problems among the workers including language as a communication issue. We will write a custom essay sample on Intercultural Communication Issues or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although English may be the language all of the employees speak, this can lead to an intercultural communication issue due to the fact of the cultural differences. It is a know fact that Hispanics make up more than half of North America’s population. Within this paper, I will give examples of how language can cause communication breakdowns by providing examples. My hypothesis will demonstrate how communication is a vital part of a successful workplace. Literature Review Description of Communication Issue Being from Mexican American decent, I am fully aware of discrimination towards my culture in the working environment. Fortunately, I do not fit the typical look, so I can blend in well, but I can also hear the cruelness some people have towards my culture and language being a communication issue. The following is an example, in which I have experienced that is how language can be a communication issue. Working for a major hospital in the early 2000’s, in my first real diverse working environment, I was exposed to different levels of employees, I also worked with inters, one of which, Monica was studying to be a doctor, and had an internship with the department in which I worked. The Development Office, in charge of fundraising, was going to teach Monica the importance of donors and how much their donations help the hospital. Monica, being from Mexico was answering phones during the holiday season, in which she was answering them the best way she new how, â€Å"Merry Christmas, this is Monica how can I help you? † Some would say that nothing is wrong with her greeting, yet there were complaints due to the fact that her greeting offended some callers. The saying needed to be deleted out of her greeting period, to â€Å"Thank you for calling, this is Monica. † This is an example of how her culture background intertwined with language caused an issue with others. Situation Outcome Some ramifications of her seemed harmless greeting, was that the hospital could have forfeited some large donations due to the fact that they were offended by her greeting either by religious beliefs or personal beliefs. It is important to note that within such a vital department, methods and training should be taught to new employees. It was such a small part of the office because everyone assumed that she would do well because she understood the language. Monica’s rich culture and background had people questioning her capabilities from this issue, in which led to making her feel uncomfortable as she questioned her teachings. Yet, with reassurance, Monica was able to learn how not everyone communicates well within the same language due to intercultural communication issues. Methodology Data Through secondary data analysis, I have researched cultural differences between the intercultural communication issues between the American culture and the Mexican culture in determining the cause of the communication issues. This data analysis has helped me form my hypothesis. Hypothesis Based on my research, I have concluded the following: Differences in cultural beliefs can create cultural differences and cause a communication breakdown. Interpretation Research In order to prove my hypothesis, I have been able to research the cultural norms within the Mexican culture in which caused a breakdown in communication in the American culture of today’s world. I will examine the Mexican culture and their religious beliefs and then conclude with the sensitivity of American culture. Roman Catholicism is the dominate religion in Mexico (Ingham, 1986). The Mexican culture and significant religious rituals are determined by the Catholic calendar. Ingham goes on to state that Christmas, Jesus’ birthday, is celebrated by all and included attending a midnight mass (1986). Religion plays a large role in the upbringing of children, including rituals, in which include the Christmas holiday. Due to the fact that a large diversified hospital does not only consist of diverse employees, but also diverse patients, visitors and donors. It is important to recognize and be sensitive towards the different cultures and the different beliefs. Political correctness is constantly changing, and yet is based on â€Å"how much the politically correct people think they can get away with† (2007). The American culture has to support itself with being politically correct do to the fact that there is so much diversity here. Political correctness has many infuriated, including the Catholic Church, due to the fact of basically erasing traditions, including the Christmas holiday. Saying â€Å"Happy Holiday’s† has now become the cultural norm due to the fact of saying â€Å"Merry Christmas† offends others of which do not have the same beliefs or those who have no beliefs. Solutions There has been much debate on how far is too far when it comes to being politically correct. Fortunately, there has been rules and policies in place which there are very carefully worded phrases in which is careful as to not offend anyone. Having set rules and policies has kept many in a safe zone with others. It was important to share with Monica, that although there was nothing wrong with what she was saying, that we also had to be careful of others and their interpretations. Being part of the Development Office, and having most of the hospital funds donated, it was reiterated that it was important to be sensitive to others and careful not to offend. It was also important that Monica understood how â€Å"Happy Holiday’s† is a cheerful expression to everyone during the holiday season. Conclusion It is important to note that even though English is the common language, what is said can be misinterpreted and cause communication issues. Monica, a Mexican American, was expressing her cheerful holiday beliefs with every phone call she answered; this needed to be corrected due to the fact that not everyone shares the same beliefs. The consequences of her actions could have been catastrophic, yet the issue was addressed. Stating the reasoning and policies of the hospital was able to explain to Monica the reasoning behind the decision of not offending callers. Based on my research, I have found the reasoning of why the issue of political correctness is used in American culture. America is rich in many cultures, and yet it is important to not only acknowledge one. It is important that everyone be able to celebrate what they believe and the importance of not pushing your beliefs on others. There are many against being politically correct, yet it is a safety net and cover not to offend anyone. Being successful and having a successful business in America, it is vital to not let intercultural communication issues arise, and know that there are policies to help keep every culture happy.

Prove cathartic Essay Example

Prove cathartic Paper Aristotle wrote in Poetics that tragedy should contain incidents arousing pity and fear and thus prove cathartic for an audience. To what extent does the plot of Arthur Millers play, All My Sons allow for this? Arthur Miller (1915-2005) in All My Sons (1947), journeys the key concept of catharsis through the intricate character of Joe Keller; our tragic hero and his hubris flaw, the concept of Hamartia, the generating of pathos through language and most importantly the formula of tragedy, described by Aristotle, bringing about catharsis. All My Sons starts at the end of summer in suburban America, after World War Two. The events of the play, described by Miller, occur on a single set, the backyard of the Keller home, a secluded atmosphere, considerably the American Dream. Furthermore there stands the stump of an apple tree, as its trunk and branches lie toppled beside it1. Miller here, emotionally engages us into the play with the use of pathetic fallacy, increasing our emotions by building tension and giving opportunity to the futures of tragedy. The audience no longer feel safe behind the American Dream but instead are presented with a faade of respect, somewhere much sinister , preparing the audience for the upcoming tragedy. Miller uses this same technique again when Joe Keller, our protagonist, notifies: Gonna rain tonight. 2 Miller builds fear in the audience, suggesting something unpleasant about to happen. Nevertheless as the audience learn more about Joe Keller, we see that he is an ego-centric man, whose mental attitude does not go beyond his own sphere. Where society is dysfunctional, Kellers choice simply remains to ignore them and their changing platforms: heres a guy is lookin for two Newfoundland dogs. Now whats he want with two Newfoundland dogs? . We will write a custom essay sample on Prove cathartic specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Prove cathartic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Prove cathartic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The audience in turn pity for Kellers character, understanding his lack of knowledge in relation to the macrocosm therefore leading us towards what may be a cathartic experience. Perhaps different audiences react differently to Keller as a character. It is debatable that Keller does not understand the subtleties of life because he is lazy, selfish and his outlook is materialistic, therefore perchance building exasperation in the audience and receiving no compassion. Or perhaps as an audience we become harsh and forget to realise that Joe Keller is financially comfortable. But beyond this the audience still pity Kellers inertia as he struggles to move on. Similarly Kate Keller cannot move beyond the inertia she is trapped within. She is in denial about Larrys death which has driven her to spirituality, her emotional crutch: Hes not dead, so theres no argument! 4 This makes the audience pity her sub-conscious state and empathise with her hope for Larrys return. It could be argued as to what extent we can cope with her denial and her rejection of reality. Progression sees Miller introduce us to the bliss of hope, this is important to the cathartic journey, as we hope for some re-alignment of morality or achievement of justice. Hope is first presented through Frank Lubey, a superstitious character, who brings us closer towards catharsis through the melancholic life he lives and the hope he brings within the play for fellow characters, besides the hope the audience already bear: (Looks up at the sky) These stage directions are evidence of Franks hope and transcendence into a world of his own. Nevertheless, Chris Keller is a warm man who cares for his father and becomes Millers mouthpiece in demonstrating the world beyond the Keller home. He strives for independence and security but constantly gets held back from his parents and is put into an inertia of his own: every time I reach out for something I want, I have to pull back because other people will suffer. 5 This is part of Millers plot where pathos allows the audience to feel emotions of pity evoked by Chriss helplessness and thus prove cathartic. The audience also fear as to what step Chris might take in the future because of his suffering: Ill get out. Ill get married and live some place else. Maybe in New York. 6 The audience also empathise with Chris, as the family secret prevents him from breaking free and therefore the audience hope for Chris life to be re-aligned and end happily with his marriage to Ann. However this news arouses trepidation in the audience and characters because they do not understand as to how Kate might react because of her fragile state and her stubborn will. This is evident through Kellers dialogue and Millers apprehensive language: Well, you want to be sure Mother isnt going to -7. At the very end of Act One the audience are left feeling a strong sense of fear for Joe Keller when he is made aware of George Deevers return. The audience understand Kellers vulnerability and his lack in understanding the complexities of life therefore he sees no harm in Georges return, but is it debateable as to whether Keller might know how much of a risk it could be on a sub-conscious level and as to what George might be here for? Miller has made this is evident through the stage directions, exemplifying the fear: (frightened, but angry): Yes, Im sure. The fear left with the audience to experience at the end of Act One becomes pivotal in the role of experiencing catharsis. Miller has instantaneously given us the opportunity to empathise with the characters and in turn fear for them thus we are given a sense of foreboding, vital for ultimately experiencing catharsis in any tragedy. In the opening stage directions of Act Two Miller, again, uses pathetic fallacy to suggest the progression in the plot and perhaps the catastrophe still to come suggested metaphorically by Miller: leaving stump standing alone 9 Though as the play progresses a growing sense of anxiety is created in the audience by Miller. We can see this through Sue Bayliss a character chosen by Miller to represent the wider community. This lets the audience fear even more for Joe Keller as a character because it becomes apparent that not everybody overlooks his guilt: Theres not a person on the block who doesnt know the truth. 10 In Act Two Miller finally decides to present a rush of emotions which soon psychologically engage the audience as well as the characters Chris, Ann and George. Millers use of short, forceful sentences build tension and anxiety in the audience that we soon become eager to reach some sort of resolution, where inner peace can be found. This is witnessed through Georges dialogue and we soon learn to identify with Georges character because we recognize his impatience to reach a cathartic ending: But the morning passed. No sign of Joe. So Dad called again. 11 Georges transcendental state also suggests trouble constructing an impression of fear upon the audience: (Calling as George pays no attention ). Considering Georges character we could deduce that he is a caricature used by Miller to start the tragedy and thus the journey to catharsis. After the anxiety we experience, Kates sudden entrance to the involvement of catharsis builds tension and hope for resolution. But then Miller entraps us into a network of terror once more when Kate slips her tongue disproving Kellers alibi, this brings hope for Chris and George as we, the audience, hope that they will find out the truth and move on out of the inertia: He hasnt been laid up in fifteen years.